There is a no-brainer possibility, too.
First, check all four plug wires on both ends. If you've run a rag over your engine compartment to clean it lately, you might have bumped the distributor or the case ends of the wires. It happened to me in the Smokeys in October; the car smelled rich, so if lean's the problem, you'll be able to smell the difference. It ONLY happened on acceleration because one whole cylinder's worth of fuel was being pushed into the exhaust pipes and was burning there.
Two, even if the plug wires are connected and the distributor looks and feels good, take the wires off the dizzy and look at the contacts. Two of mine routinely corrode; wire brush them, and the car evens out again.
I've been daily driving for a year with no problems apart from little stuff, so I know my car very well. It might or might not have bearing on your situation. How often do you drive it, and is this abnormal -- or has it been sitting and maybe the weather has acted on the electrical parts?
If it isn't the wires, Jack might have nailed it. Acceleration backfires relate to the intake side, and deceleration backfire seems to stem from the exhaust side sucking cold air into the exhaust manifold.
Lots of stuff to check, but it's going to be easy to run down the list. I'd start with easy.