Originally Posted by justinh:
Originally Posted by Steve "Paint it Black" Lane:
If done poorly, you get setups like on my Dad's 87 Monte Carlo, where the suspension gains negative camber in both full bump and droop so ever increment of movement results in a camber change.
To be fair, unequal length double wishbone suspensions all gain negative camber at the limits of travel. And during cornering, the camber gain of the heavily loaded outside wheel is much more important than the lightly or even unloaded inside wheel so you can get by with whatever you get under droop. Granted it'd be better if the inside wheel was as well behaved, but that takes tricky multi-link suspension. Doesn't mean the Monte's design couldn't be crap though.
Agreed in principle - a negative camber increase on bump (outside tire in a corner, assuming there is suspension compression) is usually beneficial. Negative camber in the droop position is useless and could even be dangerous - think weight jacking - swing axles, etc. There is a reason that alot of swing axle VW based kit cars have a limiting strap... The strap keeps the suspension out of full drop and thus eliminates the positive camber on droop (we're talking street cars here). The trick with the camber changes is that someone CLEVER (read not ME) designs them to take advantages of the negative change on bump (outside tire, compressed suspension in a corner) without goofing up the slip-angles which introduce tire scrub, minimizing the toe-change, and avoiding bringing in the bump-steer party. All of those factors, and enough travel for a street car.
Most cars that have significant camber changes also have TOE changes that accompany them and that brings up other issues. For braking and acceleration, you generally want the wheels to point straight ahead. With cars like the Monte, the camber changes that occur in short distances of wheel movement produce changes in the toe. So the Monte's suspension compromises in this area. It's a soft spring car with massive roll bars. It has decent suspension travel which is great for soaking up bumps. The roll stiffness is surprisingly good (1 and 7/8 solid front sway bar) but the car does have a fair amount of pitch and dive on acceleration/braking. It does help to accelerate hard because the pitch gives weight transfer, but less dive, especially braking hard and turning into a corner, would probably get it around the corner faster - compromise. The pitch issue has a big change in toe as the front end works through it's travel, generally a bad idea - again a compromise. The rear end? On that car it's a four link solid axle. Lots of unsprung weight, but zero camber or toe changes through travel - compromise.
The Monte's pressed arms, and even the rear control arms, also are not terribly rigid especially when compared to the aftermarket tubular setups. So we have the compromises above plus fairly heavy components that also FLEX. Let's call FLEX in a component a generally bad thing as it introduces more variables. But the components are cheap, simple, rebuildable, and readily available.
Again - long winded - here's the short version. ALL suspension is a compromise of cost, packaging efficiency and trade-offs for intended use. The finest suspension in the world for a race car is a useless pig for a street car or off-highway racer, etc. Choose what you want the car to do for you, then pick the suspension type that offers the least number of compromises (meaning availability, cost, packaging in the vehicle, adjustability, etc). At that point, whatever you choose, you will be happy with.
angela